bigtravelbuzzXinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, often simply referred to as Xinjiang, is an autonomous region in the northwest of China. It is the country’s largest province by area and is known for its diverse ethnic and cultural landscape, stunning natural scenery, and rich history. Here’s an overview of Xinjiang and some key highlights:
- Diverse Culture and Ethnicities:
Xinjiang is home to a diverse mix of ethnic groups, including the Uyghurs, Han Chinese, Kazakhs, Hui Muslims, Kyrgyz, and more. This diversity is reflected in the region’s culture, traditions, languages, and cuisine.
- Uyghur Culture and Cuisine:
The Uyghur people have a unique and vibrant culture that blends Central Asian, Middle Eastern, and Chinese influences. Their traditional music, dance, art, and architecture are distinctive. Uyghur cuisine is famous for dishes like pilaf, kebabs, and hand-pulled noodles.
- Stunning Landscapes:
Xinjiang boasts diverse landscapes, from the vast Gobi Desert to the breathtaking Tian Shan Mountains. Lake Sayram, Tianchi (Heavenly Lake), and the Flaming Mountains are some of the natural attractions.
- Silk Road History:
Xinjiang was a key stop on the ancient Silk Road trade route that connected China to the Mediterranean. Historical cities like Kashgar, Turpan, and Hotan were important hubs for trade and cultural exchange.
- Kashgar Old City:
Kashgar’s Old City is renowned for its labyrinthine alleys, mud-brick houses, and bustling bazaars. The Id Kah Mosque, the largest mosque in China, is also located here.
- Turpan’s Grape Valley and Flaming Mountains:
Turpan is famous for its Grape Valley, where you can sample sweet grapes and other fruits. The Flaming Mountains, named for their red hues, are a unique geological formation.
- Urumqi:
Urumqi is the capital of Xinjiang and a modern city with a blend of cultures. The Xinjiang International Grand Bazaar is a must-visit for shopping and experiencing local flavors.
- Ancient Ruins and Petroglyphs:
Xinjiang is home to ancient ruins and petroglyphs that provide insights into the region’s history. Bezeklik Thousand Buddha Caves and the Kizil Thousand Buddha Caves are notable examples.
- Religious Sites:
Xinjiang is home to various religious sites, including mosques, temples, and shrines, reflecting the region’s diverse religious heritage.
- Xinjiang International Folk Dance Festival:
- This cultural event celebrates the region’s ethnic diversity with traditional music, dance, and performances.
Traveling to Xinjiang offers a unique opportunity to explore a region with a rich tapestry of cultures, traditions, and landscapes. It’s important to be aware of local customs, respect cultural sensitivities, and follow travel advisories to ensure a safe and enjoyable experience.
Places to Visit in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region
Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region is a vast and diverse region with a wide range of attractions to explore. From ancient cities to stunning natural landscapes, here are some of the top places to visit in Xinjiang:
Kashgar:
Explore the historic Old City of Kashgar, known for its bustling bazaars, narrow alleys, and traditional Uyghur architecture. Visit the Id Kah Mosque, Apak Hoja Tomb, and the lively Sunday Market.
Turpan:
Discover the unique landscapes of Turpan, including the Flaming Mountains and Grape Valley. Visit the ancient city of Jiaohe, the Emin Minaret, and the Karez irrigation system.
Urumqi:
The capital city of Xinjiang offers modern amenities and cultural attractions. Explore the Xinjiang Regional Museum, Red Hill Park, and the Xinjiang International Grand Bazaar.
Heavenly Lake (Tianchi):
Located in the Tian Shan Mountains, this alpine lake offers breathtaking views, hiking trails, and opportunities for boating and relaxation.
Kanas Lake:
Experience the stunning natural beauty of Kanas Lake and its surrounding forests, valleys, and mountains. The lake is known for its ever-changing colors and serene landscapes.
Sayram Lake:
This pristine alpine lake is surrounded by snow-capped peaks and is a great spot for picnics, hiking, and enjoying the outdoors.
Bezeklik Thousand Buddha Caves:
Explore these ancient Buddhist caves adorned with colorful murals and sculptures, providing insights into the region’s history and culture.
Kizil Thousand Buddha Caves:
Another complex of Buddhist caves with well-preserved murals and sculptures, showcasing the artistic and religious heritage of Xinjiang.
Hotan:
Visit the city of Hotan, known for its rich cultural heritage and as a center of traditional Uyghur craftsmanship. Explore the Hotan Museum and experience local customs.
Altai Mountains:
Experience the remote beauty of the Altai Mountains, home to unique wildlife, nomadic cultures, and stunning landscapes.
Taklamakan Desert:
Explore the vast and mysterious Taklamakan Desert, known for its shifting sand dunes and challenging environment.
Karajun Desert:
Experience desert landscapes and enjoy activities like camel riding and sandboarding in this lesser-known desert region.
Khunjerab Pass:
If accessible, visit the Khunjerab Pass on the China-Pakistan border for stunning mountain views and the opportunity to cross into Pakistan.
Yining:
Explore the city of Yining, known for its pleasant climate, historic sites, and local Kazakh culture.
Emin Valley:
Discover the picturesque Emin Valley, characterized by green pastures, flowing rivers, and traditional Kazakh yurts.
Xinjiang offers a wealth of cultural, historical, and natural attractions that provide a unique and unforgettable travel experience. Be sure to respect local customs, obtain necessary permits, and follow travel advisories when exploring this region.
Best Time To Visit Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region
The best time to visit Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region largely depends on the specific experiences you’re seeking, as the region experiences a wide range of climates and landscapes. Xinjiang is a vast area, and its diverse attractions offer different experiences throughout the year. Here are some guidelines to consider:
Spring (April to June):
Spring is a pleasant time to visit as the weather warms up, and flowers bloom across the region.
This is a great time to explore cities like Urumqi, Turpan, and Kashgar, as well as to visit the Heavenly Lake (Tianchi) and enjoy outdoor activities.
Summer (July to August):
Summers can be hot in many parts of Xinjiang, especially in areas like Turpan and the desert regions.
However, this is a good time to visit higher-altitude areas like the Heavenly Lake and Kanas Lake to escape the heat.
Autumn (September to October):
Autumn is often considered the best time to visit Xinjiang. The weather is pleasant, and the landscapes are painted with colorful foliage.
It’s a great time to explore various attractions, including the Silk Road cities, deserts, and mountains.
Winter (November to February):
Winters in Xinjiang can be extremely cold, especially in mountainous areas.
If you’re interested in winter sports, the Altai Mountains offer opportunities for skiing and snowboarding.
Seasonal Festivals:
Consider planning your trip around local festivals. For example, the Naadam Festival is celebrated by the Kazakh community in July and August, and the Grape Festival takes place in Turpan during August.
Accessibility:
Some attractions, such as the high-altitude lakes, may be inaccessible due to snow during the winter months. Research the accessibility of specific places you plan to visit.
Permit Considerations:
Some areas in Xinjiang, particularly those near international borders, may require special permits to visit. Check local regulations and obtain necessary permits in advance.
It’s important to be aware of the region’s unique climate and be prepared for temperature fluctuations, especially if you plan to travel across different parts of Xinjiang. Always check the latest travel advisories, as conditions and accessibility can vary based on factors like local events and regulations.
Things to Do in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region
Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region offers a wide range of activities and attractions that showcase its diverse culture, stunning landscapes, and rich history. Here are some things to do and places to explore in Xinjiang:
Explore Kashgar’s Old City: Wander through the narrow alleys and bustling bazaars of Kashgar’s Old City. Visit the Id Kah Mosque, Apak Hoja Tomb, and experience the vibrant local culture.
Visit Turpan’s Grape Valley: Discover the lush Grape Valley in Turpan, known for its vineyards and sweet grapes. You can sample fresh fruits and learn about the local winemaking traditions.
Experience Urumqi’s Markets: Explore Urumqi’s bustling markets, including the Xinjiang International Grand Bazaar, where you can shop for local handicrafts, textiles, and traditional Uyghur goods.
Hike in the Heavenly Lake (Tianchi): Enjoy the stunning alpine scenery, hike along the shores of Heavenly Lake, and take in the breathtaking views of the surrounding mountains.
Visit the Ancient City of Jiaohe: Explore the well-preserved ruins of Jiaohe, an ancient city carved into the cliffs near Turpan. It offers a glimpse into the region’s historical past.
Marvel at the Flaming Mountains: Witness the unique beauty of the Flaming Mountains near Turpan, famous for their red rock formations and intense heat.
Discover Kanas Lake: Experience the tranquil beauty of Kanas Lake, known for its changing colors and pristine landscapes. Take a boat ride on the lake and explore the surrounding forests.
Visit Bezeklik Thousand Buddha Caves: Explore the intricate Buddhist murals and sculptures at the Bezeklik Thousand Buddha Caves, showcasing the region’s historical and artistic heritage.
Experience Local Cuisine: Indulge in Uyghur cuisine, sampling dishes like pilaf, kebabs, hand-pulled noodles, and sweets. Try the unique flavors influenced by Central Asian and Middle Eastern traditions.
Explore the Taklamakan Desert: Venture into the vast and mysterious Taklamakan Desert. Experience camel rides, sand dune trekking, and witness the dramatic desert landscapes.
Visit Xinjiang Regional Museum: Learn about Xinjiang’s history, culture, and diverse ethnic groups at the Xinjiang Regional Museum in Urumqi.
Experience Kazakh Culture: If you’re in Xinjiang during the Naadam Festival (July and August), witness traditional Kazakh sports and cultural performances.
Discover Silk Road Sites: Visit historical Silk Road cities such as Hotan, which is known for its traditional craftsmanship, and learn about the region’s role in ancient trade routes.
Hike in the Altai Mountains: Explore the Altai Mountains and experience pristine wilderness, alpine meadows, and nomadic culture.
Enjoy Local Music and Dance: Attend local performances and music events that showcase Uyghur music, dance, and other cultural expressions.
Xinjiang offers a rich blend of cultural, historical, and natural attractions that provide a unique and immersive travel experience. Be sure to respect local customs, traditions, and regulations while enjoying your journey through this captivating region.
How to get around in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region
Getting around in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region involves a variety of transportation options, given its vast size and diverse landscapes. Here are some ways to navigate the region:
Air Travel:
Major cities in Xinjiang, such as Urumqi and Kashgar, have airports with domestic and limited international flights. Air travel is the fastest way to cover long distances between cities.
Train Travel:
Xinjiang is connected to China’s extensive rail network. The Lanzhou-Xinjiang and Turpan-Urumqi railways link the region to other parts of China. Trains offer a comfortable option for medium to long distances.
Bus and Minibuses:
Buses and minibuses are commonly used for both short and long-distance travel within Xinjiang. They are cost-effective and connect cities, towns, and villages.
Taxis:
Taxis are available in cities like Urumqi, Kashgar, and Turpan. They are convenient for getting around urban areas or reaching specific destinations.
Ride-Hailing Apps:
Ride-hailing apps like Didi Chuxing operate in major cities, providing an easy and convenient way to book private transportation.
Public Buses:
Many cities have public bus systems that can be used for local travel. Check local routes and schedules.
Shared Vehicles:
In some areas, shared vehicles like shared minivans or SUVs operate as an alternative to buses. They may be available for intercity travel.
Bicycles and Electric Scooters:
In urban areas, renting bicycles or electric scooters can be an efficient way to explore and navigate city streets.
Car Rentals:
Renting a car can offer flexibility, especially if you plan to explore remote areas. However, driving regulations and road conditions should be considered.
Guided Tours and Transportation Services:
Consider joining guided tours or hiring local drivers for guided transportation, especially when visiting remote attractions or areas where language barriers might be a challenge.
Walking:
In urban areas and tourist zones, walking can be a great way to explore local neighborhoods, markets, and attractions.
When traveling within Xinjiang, it’s important to plan ahead, especially for long journeys, and consider factors such as weather conditions, travel permits (if required for certain areas), and the availability of transportation options. Additionally, local customs and cultural sensitivities should be respected throughout your travels in the region.
Where to eat in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region
Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region is renowned for its unique and flavorful cuisine, influenced by Central Asian, Middle Eastern, and Chinese culinary traditions. When in Xinjiang, be sure to try Uyghur dishes that reflect the region’s cultural diversity and rich history. Here are some places to eat and types of food to enjoy in Xinjiang:
Local Uyghur Restaurants:
Look for local Uyghur restaurants and eateries that serve authentic Uyghur cuisine. These establishments offer a wide range of dishes, including pilaf (rice cooked with meat and spices), hand-pulled noodles, lamb kebabs, and various stews.
Kebab Stalls and Street Food:
Wander through local streets and markets to find kebab stalls and street food vendors selling delicious skewers of marinated and grilled lamb, beef, and chicken.
Nang Bread:
Try nang, a type of flatbread that is a staple of Uyghur cuisine. It comes in various shapes and sizes and is often enjoyed with meat dishes or yogurt.
Laghman Noodles:
Sample laghman, a traditional Uyghur dish featuring hand-pulled noodles served with stir-fried meat, vegetables, and a flavorful sauce.
Polo (Pilaf):
Enjoy polo, a hearty dish of rice cooked with meat (often lamb or chicken), carrots, onions, and a mix of aromatic spices.
Samsa:
Samsa are savory pastries filled with meat, usually lamb or beef, and onions. They are often enjoyed as a snack or appetizer.
Dried Fruits and Nuts:
Xinjiang is known for its high-quality dried fruits and nuts, including apricots, raisins, walnuts, and almonds. These make for tasty and nutritious snacks.
Uyghur Sweets and Desserts:
Indulge in Uyghur sweets and desserts such as sweet pastries, nut-filled treats, and rice-based puddings.
Teahouses and Chaykhana:
Visit teahouses or chaykhana (tea rooms) to enjoy traditional Uyghur tea, often accompanied by snacks and pastries.
Night Markets and Bazaars:
Explore night markets and bazaars in cities like Kashgar and Urumqi, where you can find a variety of local foods and treats.
Dapanji:
Dapanji, or “big plate chicken,” is a popular Xinjiang dish featuring tender chicken pieces cooked with potatoes, peppers, and spices.
Regional Fruits and Dairy Products:
Enjoy fresh regional fruits like grapes, melons, and pomegranates. You can also try Xinjiang’s unique dairy products, including yogurt and cheese.
When dining in Xinjiang, remember to be respectful of local customs and halal dietary practices, especially if you’re visiting areas with a significant Muslim population. Exploring local markets and eateries is a fantastic way to immerse yourself in the flavors and cultural richness of Xinjiang’s cuisine.
Famous street stalls in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region
Here are some famous street food items in Xinjiang:
Lamb Kebabs (Chuan):
Grilled skewers of marinated lamb or beef are a ubiquitous street food in Xinjiang. They are often seasoned with aromatic spices like cumin, chili, and Sichuan peppercorns.
Hand-Pulled Noodles:
Uyghur-style hand-pulled noodles are a must-try. These noodles are freshly made and often served with a choice of meat, vegetables, and savory sauces.
Nang Bread:
Nang, a type of flatbread, comes in various sizes and flavors. It’s a popular street food and can be enjoyed on its own or with various toppings.
Samsa:
Samsa are savory pastries filled with spiced meat and onions, often baked until golden and crispy. They make for a delicious snack.
Laghman:
Laghman noodles are stir-fried with vegetables and a flavorful sauce, typically featuring diced meat. They are filling and full of flavor.
Polo (Pilaf):
You might find street stalls serving hearty portions of pilaf, a fragrant rice dish cooked with meat, spices, and vegetables.
Fruit Skewers:
Fresh fruit skewers are a refreshing and healthy option. Look for stalls offering a variety of seasonal fruits.
Dried Fruits and Nuts:
Street vendors often sell a wide assortment of dried fruits and nuts, including apricots, raisins, walnuts, and more.
Yogurt and Dairy Products:
Xinjiang is known for its dairy products. You can find vendors selling fresh yogurt, yogurt drinks, and various dairy-based treats.
Tea and Sweets:
Relax with a cup of Uyghur tea and enjoy sweet pastries, cookies, and other treats available at street stalls.
Dapanji:
Some stalls might offer dapanji, a flavorful dish of chicken and potatoes cooked in a large pan.
Fried Dumplings (Samsa Yipkishi):
These are similar to samsa but are deep-fried, resulting in a crispy exterior and tender interior.
When exploring street stalls in Xinjiang, be open to trying new flavors and interacting with local vendors. It’s a fantastic way to immerse yourself in the region’s culture and culinary traditions.
Where to stay in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region
Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region offers a variety of accommodation options to suit different budgets and preferences. Whether you’re looking for luxury hotels, mid-range options, or budget-friendly guesthouses, you’ll find a range of choices in the region. Here are some areas to consider when deciding where to stay in Xinjiang:
Urumqi:
As the capital and largest city, Urumqi offers a wide range of accommodation options, including luxury hotels, mid-range hotels, and budget guesthouses. Staying in Urumqi provides easy access to attractions, dining, and shopping.
Kashgar:
In Kashgar, you can find hotels and guesthouses that cater to a range of budgets. Staying in or near the Old City allows you to experience the city’s unique culture and historical sites.
Turpan:
Turpan has accommodations that cater to various budgets. Consider staying in the city center to explore attractions like the Flaming Mountains, Grape Valley, and historical sites.
Hotan:
Hotan offers hotels and guesthouses where you can experience the local culture and traditional craftsmanship. It’s known for its carpet and jade industries.
Kanas Lake and Burqin:
If you’re planning to visit Kanas Lake, there are lodges and guesthouses in the nearby Burqin area that offer accommodation options surrounded by stunning natural landscapes.
Yining:
Yining provides various lodging options, from budget hotels to more upscale choices. It’s a gateway to exploring the beautiful Ili River Valley.
Regional Attractions:
Depending on your travel plans, consider staying near specific attractions like Heavenly Lake (Tianchi) or the ancient city of Jiaohe for convenient access.
Local Guesthouses and Hostels:
In some areas, you might find local guesthouses or hostels that offer a more authentic and budget-friendly experience. These options can also provide opportunities to connect with fellow travelers.
When choosing accommodations, consider factors such as your budget, preferred amenities, proximity to attractions you plan to visit, and transportation options. Booking in advance, especially during peak travel seasons, is recommended to secure your preferred lodging. Keep in mind that some hotels may have limited English-speaking staff, so having essential information in Chinese or using translation apps can be helpful.
Travel Tips Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region
Traveling to Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region can be a rewarding and enriching experience. Here are some travel tips to help you make the most of your trip and ensure a safe and enjoyable visit:
Respect Local Customs and Culture:
Xinjiang is home to diverse ethnic groups and cultures. Be respectful of local customs, traditions, and dress codes, especially in more conservative areas.
Observe Halal Practices:
Many residents in Xinjiang follow Islamic dietary practices. When dining, look for halal-certified restaurants and avoid consuming pork and alcohol in public places.
Travel Permits:
Some areas in Xinjiang, especially those near international borders, may require special permits to visit. Check local regulations and obtain necessary permits in advance.
Language Barrier:
Mandarin Chinese is the official language, but Uyghur and other Turkic languages are also commonly spoken. Basic Mandarin phrases or a translation app can be helpful for communication.
Weather Variability:
Xinjiang has varying climates due to its size. Pack accordingly, considering the weather of the specific regions you’ll be visiting. Layers are often recommended.
Altitude Considerations:
Some areas, such as Heavenly Lake and high-altitude locations, have thin air. Allow time to acclimatize and be mindful of altitude sickness symptoms.
Cash and Payments:
Carry enough cash (Chinese Yuan/CNY) as credit card acceptance might be limited, especially in remote areas. ATMs are available in major cities.
Health Precautions:
Drink bottled or boiled water to stay hydrated and avoid tap water. Be cautious with street food and ensure that it’s freshly cooked and served hot.
Local Transportation:
Public transportation options vary by city. Buses and taxis are common, but be prepared for language barriers. Ride-hailing apps like Didi Chuxing may be available in major cities.
Cultural Sensitivity in Photography:
Always ask for permission before taking photos of local people, especially in rural or traditional areas. Some sites may require a photography permit.
Safety and Security:
Xinjiang is generally safe for travelers, but stay informed about local conditions and follow any travel advisories issued by your embassy.
Responsible Tourism:
Respect the environment, avoid leaving behind waste, and support local communities by shopping for handmade crafts and products.
Local Etiquette:
When visiting homes or entering mosques, remove your shoes and dress modestly. Always greet locals with courtesy.
Local Festivals and Events:
Research local festivals and events that might coincide with your travel dates. Participating in cultural celebrations can provide unique insights.
Internet and Communication:
Internet access is generally available, but you might want to consider getting a local SIM card or portable Wi-Fi device for connectivity.
By being culturally aware and respectful, planning ahead, and embracing the local customs, you can have a memorable and enriching travel experience in Xinjiang.